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议题作者：sudami
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今天在一国外网站看到一篇文章(原始连接： http://www.realtechnews.com/posts/3607
关于操作系统的,觉得写的很好,于是弄过来给大家讲解下!
PS:
觉得无论电脑知识如何,都应该有意无意的读些外国的原创文章,了解别人的思路.因为毕竟他们比
我们强,先进的技术在他们谈论的时候也许还没有译文出现，及时的汲取知识才能走在前面!
另外,大家尽可能耐心的看,毕竟英文不是我们的母语,总是有些吃力的!
我只是做适当的批注,并不是完完全全的翻译出来,这样才能让你学习自己分析理解问题的!
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1. It boasts how long it can stay up. Go to the Command Prompt in the Accessories menu from
the All Programs start button option, and then type ’systeminfo’. The
computer will produce a lot of useful info, including the uptime. If you want to keep
these, type ’systeminfo > info.txt’. This creates a file called
info.txt you can look at later with Notepad. (Professional Edition only).
利用systeminfo命令查看电脑自身信息,比较全面:
也可以用快捷键简单的查看 WINVER:
快捷键: WIN+Pause Break,最懒的是右键点"我的电脑",属性
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2. You can delete files immediately, without having them move to the Recycle Bin first. Go
to the Start menu, select Run… and type ‘gpedit.msc’; then select User
Configuration, Administrative Templates, Windows Components, Windows Explorer and
find the Do not move deleted files to the Recycle Bin setting. Set it. Poking around in
gpedit will reveal a great many interface and system options, but take care — some may
stop your computer behaving as you wish. (Professional Edition only).
不用进回收站而直接删掉文件.到组策略中去!
其实也可以直接在回收站里面设置的嘛:
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3. You can lock your XP workstation with two clicks of the mouse. Create a new shortcut on
your desktop using a right mouse click, and enter ‘rundll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation
’ in the location field. Give the shortcut a name you like. That’s it — just double
click on it and your computer will be locked. And if that’s not easy enough, Windows key +
L will do the same.
就是快速锁定电脑,它提供了2种方式: 创建shortcut 和 WIN+L
我个人经常用组合键,方便....
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4. XP hides some system software you might want to remove, such as Windows Messenger, but
you can make it show everything. Using Notepad or Edit, edit the text file
c:\windows\inf\sysoc.inf, search for the word ‘hide’ and remove it. You can then
go to the Add or Remove Programs in the Control Panel, select Add/Remove Windows Components
and there will be the software and you can now uninstall it.
大致意思是说XP的有些软件是默认隐藏的,在控制面板的删除添加里面看不到,只要编辑 sysoc.inf文件
就可以达到目的了:
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5. For those skilled in the art of DOS batch files, XP has a number of interesting new
commands. These include ‘eventcreate’ and ‘eventtriggers’ for creating and watching
system events, ‘typeperf’ for monitoring performance of various subsystems, and ’
schtasks’ for handling scheduled tasks. As usual, typing the command name followed by /?
will give a list of options.
DOS命令中有些有趣的命令,它举了几个,但我觉得没多大意思哦:
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6. XP has IP version 6 support — the next generation of IP. Unfortunately this is more
than your ISP has, so you can only experiment with this on your LAN. Type ‘ipv6 install’
into Run… (it’s OK, it won’t ruin your existing network setup) and then ‘ipv6 /?’ at
the command line to find out more. If you don’t know what IPv6 is, don’t worry.
XP提供对IP version 6 的支持,这是下一代的产物,我们现在暂且用不上，但可以感觉感觉..没多大用处
,我觉得:
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7. You can at last get rid of tasks on the computer from the command line by using
‘taskkill /pid’ and the task number, or just ‘tskill’ and the process number. Find that
out by typing ‘tasklist’, which will also tell you a lot about what’
s going on in your system.
说到的就是taskkill命令了:
其实最好的命令是NTSD -C q -P PID ,它除了SMSS.exe、SYSTEM.exe和CSRSS.EXE不能杀(前两个是纯内
核态的,最后那个是 Win32子系统,ntsd本身需要它),其他的都可以直接干掉的...
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8. XP will treat Zip files like folders, which is nice if you’ve got a fast machine. On
slower machines, you can make XP leave zip files alone by typing ‘regsvr32 /u
zipfldr.dll’ at the command line. If you change your mind later, you can change
things back by typing ‘regsvr32 zipfldr.dll’.
Windows XP默认自带zipfldr.dll ,为了提高电脑速度,于是可以反注册zipfldr.dll禁用系统压缩文档
zip.电脑性能好的就没必要了:
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9. XP has ClearType — Microsoft’s anti-aliasing font display technology — but doesn’t
have it enabled by default. It’s well worth trying, especially if you were there for DOS
and all those years of staring at a screen have given you the eyes of an astigmatic bat.
To enable ClearType, right click on the desktop, select Properties,
Appearance, Effects, select ClearType from the second drop-down menu and enable the
selection. Expect best results on laptop displays. If you want to use ClearType on
the Welcome login screen as well, set the registry entry HKEY_USERS/.DEFAULT/Control
Panel/Desktop/FontSmoothingType to 2.
XP有使图像界面更清晰的功能，但不是默认的.选择ClearType可以使眼睛看起来舒服些...入图：
字的效果是这样的：
使用“清晰”模式后：
字的效果是这样的：
所以清晰模式下的感觉更好...
如果想更改登陆界面的字,使其更清晰,就到注册表提到的位置修改:
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10. You can use Remote Assistance to help a friend who’s using network address translation
(NAT) on a home network, but not automatically. Get your pal to email you a Remote
Assistance invitation and edit the file. Under the RCTICKET attribute will be a NAT IP
address, like 192.168.1.10. Replace this with your friend’s real IP address — they can
find this out by going to www.whatismyip.com — and get them to make sure that they’ve got
port 3389 open on their firewall and forwarded to the errant computer.
这个浅显易懂,就是远程协助.保证3389打开就可以了.
可以到www.whatismyip.com查看自己的公网IP.
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11. You can run a program as a different user without logging out and back in again. Right
click the icon, select Run As… and enter the user name and password you want to use. This
only applies for that run. The trick is particularly useful if you need to have
administrative permissions to install a program, which many require. Note that you can have
some fun by running programs multiple times on the same system as different users, but this
can have unforeseen effects.
就是不用注销\切换用户即可用不同的身份运行程序:
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12. Windows XP can be very insistent about you checking for auto updates, registering a
Passport, using Windows Messenger and so on. After a while, the nagging goes away, but if
you feel you might go insane before that point, run Regedit, go to
HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Software/Microsoft/Windows/Current Version/Explorer/Advanced and create a
DWORD value called EnableBalloonTips with a value of 0.
呵呵,XP会坚持不懈的提示你,要你快升级,快给管理员加密码,快点用它的MSN.时间长了会觉得很它很
nagging了吧,到注册表中禁止就可以了:
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13. You can start up without needing to enter a user name or password. Select Run… from
the start menu and type ‘control userpasswords2′, which will open the
user accounts
application. On the Users tab, clear the box for Users Must Enter A
User Name And Password
To Use This Computer, and click on OK. An Automatically Log On dialog box will appear;
enter the user name and password for the account you want to use.
说的也就是自动登陆了,网上介绍的也挺多的吧!
可以用工具如兔子,也可以手工修改注册表:
这是它的方法,更简单哦:
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14. Internet Explorer 6 will automatically delete temporary files, but only if you tell it
to. Start the browser(浏览器), select Tools / Internet Options… and Advanced, go down to
the
Security area and check the box to Empty Temporary Internet Files folder when browser is
closed.
就是让IE退出时自动清除临时文件TEMP.
其实很多工具都可以实现,但我觉得自己动手实践能领会的更多,对操作系统更加了解:
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15. XP comes with a free Network Activity Light, just in case you can’t see the LEDs
twinkle on your network card. Right click on My Network Places on the desktop, then select
Properties. Right click on the description for your LAN or dial-up connection, select
Properties, then check the Show icon in notification area when connected box. You’ll now
see a tiny network icon on the right of your task bar that glimmers nicely during network
traffic.
这个简单,就是让你的电脑图标显示在任务栏右下角,以便观察网络流量,连接状况:
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16. The Start Menu can be leisurely when it decides to appear, but you can speed things
along by changing the registry entry HKEY_CURRENT_USER/Control Panel/Desktop/MenuShowDelay
from the default 400 to something a little snappier. Like 0.
就是改变开始菜单显示的速度,当然也不是越快越好:
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17. You can rename loads of files at once in Windows Explorer. Highlight a set of files in
a window, then right click on one and rename it. All the other files will be renamed to
that name, with individual numbers in brackets to distinguish them. Also, in a folder you
can arrange icons in alphabetised groups by View, Arrange Icon By… Show In Groups.
批量重命名文件,都会了...
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18. Windows Media Player will display the cover art for albums as it plays the tracks — if
it found the picture on the Internet when you copied the tracks from the CD. If it didn’t,
or if you have lots of pre-WMP music files, you can put your own copy of the cover art in
the same directory as the tracks. Just call it folder.jpg and Windows Media Player will
pick it up and display it.
WMP可以在你COPY音乐的时候批量展示每首音乐的封面效果,大家都了解吧.但如果它不显示了,你可以把
自己做的图片放在同一个目录,WMP默认就会在这些音乐的封面上展示你的图片(缩略图浏览...)
我的WMP卸掉了,就不做掩饰了.
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19. Windows key + Break brings up the System Properties dialogue box; Windows key + D
brings up the desktop; Windows key + Tab moves through the taskbar buttons.
呵呵，3个简单的快捷键组合.其实还有很多,扩展下吧(网上有很多)
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一、在WINDOWS中最常用到的几组快捷键及一些特殊键位
（一）以下是一些Windows常用快捷键（适用于WINDOWS系列的系统及相对应命令的程序）
CTRL+C――――复制
CTRL+X――――剪切
CTRL+V――――粘贴
CTRL+S――――保存
CTRL+Z――――撤消
Delete―――删除或SHIFT+Delete―永久删除所选项CTRL+A――――选中全部内容。
ALT+TAB―――切换当前程序
ALT+F4 ―――关闭当前应用程序
（二）特殊键位说明及功能
Windows键 位于CTRL和ALT之间带有窗口图样的键 调用开始菜单或和其它键组合使用
BACKSPACE键 退格键 消除空格或向左删除文档
SPACEBAR 空格键 输入空格或在某复选框中选取
Application 鍵 微软自然键 选中某个项目时显示其快键菜单
Shift 上档键 与其它键一起使用
Ctrl 控制键 与其它键一起使用
Alt 组合键 激活系统程序菜单或配合其它键一起使用
Tab 制表键 在程序或菜单之间切换
Pause/break 暂停键 电脑开机自检时按下可暂停当前屏幕，按下继续
Scroll lock 锁屏键 当处于滚屏状态时按下该键停止
Print Screen/SysRq 截屏键 截取当前屏幕到粘贴板(然后打开绘图软件并粘贴就好)
NumLock 数字开关键 小键盘数字开关键
Caps Lock 大小写开关键
二、几种常用程序中的快捷键应用
（一）、在Windows 中文档编辑器中
F1 显示当前程序或者windows的帮助内容。
F2 当你选中一个文件的话，这意味着“重命名”
F3 当你在桌面上的时候是打开“查找：所有文件”对话框
F10或ALT 激活当前程序的菜单栏
windows键或CTRL+ESC 打开开始菜单
CTRL+ALT+Delete 在win9x中打开关闭程序对话框
Delete 删除被选择的选择项目，如果是文件，将被放入回收站
SHIFT+Delete 删除被选择的选择项目，如果是文件，将被直接删除而不是放入回收站
CTRL+N 新建一个新的文件
CTRL+O 打开“打开文件”对话框
CTRL+P 打开“打印”对话框
CTRL+S 保存当前操作的文件
CTRL+X 剪切被选择的项目到剪贴板
CTRL+Insert或CTRL+C 复制被选择的项目到剪贴板
SHIFT+Insert或CTRL+V 粘贴剪贴板中的内容到当前位置
ALT+BACKSPACE或CTRL+Z撤销上一步的操作
ALT+SHIFT+BACKSPACE 重做上一步被撤销的操作
Windows键+M 最小化所有被打开的窗口。
Windows键+CTRL+M 重新将恢复上一项操作前窗口的大小和位置
Windows键+E 打开资源管理器
Windows键+D显示桌面
Windows键+F 打开“查找：所有文件”对话框
Windows键+R 打开“运行”对话框
Windows键+BREAK 打开“系统属性”对话框
Windows键+CTRL+F 打开“查找：计算机”
SHIFT+F10或鼠标右击 打开当前活动项目的快捷菜单
SHIFT 在放入CD的时候按下不放，可以跳过自动播放CD。在打开word的时候按下不放
，可以跳过自启动的宏
ALT+F4 关闭当前应用程序
ALT+SPACEBAR 打开程序最左上角的菜单
ALT+TAB 切换当前程序
ALT+ESC 切换当前程序
ALT+ENTER将windows下运行的MSDOS窗口在窗口和全屏幕状态间切换
PRINTSCREEN 将当前屏幕以图象方式拷贝到剪贴板
ALT+PRINTSCREEN 将当前活动程序窗口以图象方式拷贝到剪贴板
CTRL+F4 关闭当前应用程序中的当前文本（如word中）
CTRL+F6 切换到当前应用程序中的下一个文本（加shift
可以跳到前一个窗口）
（二）在IE（网页浏览器）中
ALT+RIGHTARROW 显示前一页（前进键）
ALT+LEFTARROW 显示后一页（后退键）
CTRL+TAB 在页面上的各框架中切换（加shift反向）
CTRL+B 整理收藏夹
F5 刷新
CTRL+F5 强行刷新
ESC 停止
F11 全屏显示
功能小结：
激活程序中的菜单栏F10
执行菜单上相应的命令ALT+菜单上带下划线的字母
关闭多文档界面程序中的当前窗口CTRL+F4
关闭当前窗口或退出程序ALT+F4
复制CTRL+C
剪切CTRL+X
删除Delete
显示所选对话框项目的帮助F1
显示当前窗口的系统菜单ALT+空格键
显示所选项目的快捷菜单SHIFT+F10
显示“开始”菜单CTRL+ESC
显示多文档界面程序的系统菜单ALT+连字号(-)
粘贴CTRL+V
切换到上次使用的窗口或者
按住ALT然后重复按TAB，
切换到另一个窗口ALT+TAB
撤消CTRL+Z
（三）、我的电脑/桌面/“Windows资源管理器”的快捷键
如果当前选择展开了,要折叠或者选择父文件夹 左箭头
折叠所选的文件夹 NUMLOCK+负号(-)
如果当前选择折叠了，要展开或者选择第一个子文件夹 右箭头
展开当前选择下的所有文件夹 NUMLOCK+*
展开所选的文件夹 NUMLOCK+加号(+)
在左右窗格间切换 F6
Shift+Ente 以资源管理器打开这个文件夹（增加了文件夹视图）
（三）、WINDOWS键的使用
可以使用Microsoft自然键盘或含有Windows徽标键的其他任何兼容键盘的以下快捷键。
目的快捷键
在任务栏上的按钮间循环WINDOWS+TAB
显示“查找：所有文件”WINDOWS+F
显示“查找：计算机”CTRL+WINDOWS+F
显示“帮助”WINDOWS+F1
显示“运行”命令WINDOWS+R
显示“开始”菜单WINDOWS
显示“系统属性”对话框WINDOWS+BREAK
显示“Windows资源管理器”WINDOWS+E
最小化或还原所有窗口WINDOWS+D(其实应该是显示桌面)
撤消最小化所有窗口SHIFT+WINDOWS+M
三、快捷键的进一步应用
1、我的快捷键听我的——打造个性化热键
系统及程序自带有各种快捷键，我们另外在不影响其他程序调用的情况下，也可以对部分快捷键进行量
身定制，以便更适合个人的使用习惯。
(1) 定义特色按键，轻松执行各种命令及启动程序：一键关机重启……
在桌面的空白处单击鼠标右键，并且新建立一个“快捷方式”，在弹出的创建快捷方式对话窗口中，
在“命令行”中输入“rundll32.exe user,exitwindows”，然后单击“下一步”按钮，给该快捷方式
命名为“一键关机”，这时系统的桌面上就会出现刚才建立的快捷方式了，打开该快捷方式的属性窗口
，进入“快捷方式”页，并且给该快捷方式自定义一个快捷功能键，如F11，完成以后，就可以按F11键
执行关机命令了。
(2) 利用应用程序里的自定义功能：ＷＯＲＤ/QQ……
2、不用鼠标照样行——鼠标键 的灵活使用
“鼠标键 ”是为使用鼠标有困难的人设计的。鼠标键 允许使用数字键盘控制鼠标指针。如果除了将数
字键盘用于定位还想用于输入数据，则可以设置成按 NUM LOCK 键激活鼠标键 。连续按五次Ｓhift键就
可启用辅助选项即可设置“鼠标键 ”。
使用辅助选项中的快捷键
切换筛选键开关右SHIFT八秒
切换高对比度开关左ALT+左SHIFT+PRINTSCREEN(比较有意思,在看电子书时有用,不过如果是液晶屏
就不用这么麻烦了)
切换鼠标键 开关左ALT+左SHIFT+NUMLOCK
切换粘滞键开关SHIFT键五次
切换切换键开关NUMLOCK五秒
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20. Windows XP secretly KNOWS that the average user has no idea what they are doing.
Therefore, it doesn’t let you do really stupid things like deleting the windows directory
(at least not without spending several hours convincing it that you REALLY want to do
this). Oh yeah, and internet explorer kinda sucks, get Firefox.
总结的话吧,XP不会让菜鸟随便就删掉系统目录的.
这篇文章的作者最后指出IE很脆弱,让用 火狐...
呵呵,你的意见呢? |
发表于 2007-2-24 09:13:29
发表于 2007-2-24 09:17:52
